The origins of new media art can be traced to the moving photographic inventions of the late 19th Century such as the zoetrope (1834), thepraxinoscope (1877) and Eadweard Muybridge's zoopraxiscope (1879).
During the 1960s the development of then new technologies of video produced the new media art experiments of Nam June Paik and Wolf Vostell, and multimedia performances of Fluxus. At the end of the 1980s the development of computer graphics, combined with real time technologies then in the 1990s with the spreading of the Web and the Internet favored the emerging of new and various forms of interactivityLynn Hershman Leeson, David Rokeby, Don Ritter, Perry Hoberman, telematic art Roy Ascott, Internet Vuk Ćosić, Jodi, virtual and immersive art Jeffrey Shaw, Maurice Benayoun and large scale urban installation Rafael Lozano-Hemmer.
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Simultaneously advances in biotechnology have also allowed artists like Eduardo Kac to begin exploring DNA and genetics as a new art medium.
Contemporary New Media Art influences on new media art have been the theories developed aroundhypertext, databases, and networks. Important thinkers in this regard have been Vannevar Bush andTheodor Nelson with important contributions from the literary works of Jorge Luis Borges, Italo Calvino,Julio Cortázar, Lev Manovich, and Douglas Cooper. These elements have been especially revolutionary for the field of narrative and anti-narrative studies, leading explorations into areas such as non-linear and interactive narratives. A contemporary timeline of media art can be found here
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